Thursday, August 17, 2023

How to call Stored Procedures from Java using IN and OUT parameter - Spring Framework Example Tutorial

Spring Framework provides excellent support to call stored procedures from Java application. In fact, there are multiple ways to call stored procedures in Spring Framework, e.g. you can use one of the query() method from JdbcTemplate to call stored procedures, or you can extend abstract class StoredProcedure to call stored procedures from Java. In this Java Spring tutorial, we will see the second approach to call a stored procedure. It's more object-oriented, but at the same time requires more coding. StoredProcedure class allows you to declare IN and OUT parameters and call stored procedure using it's various execute() method, which has protected access and can only be called from a subclass.


I personally prefer to implement StoredProcedure class as Inner class, if it's tied up with one of DAO Object, e.g. in this case it nicely fits inside EmployeeDAO. Then you can provide a convenient method to wrap stored procedure calls. 

In order to demonstrate, how to call stored procedures from the spring-based application, we will first create a simple stored proc using MySQL database, as shown below.

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MySQL Stored procedure

We will use the following stored procedure for this example. This is created in MySQL database and accept an input parameter IN, which is employeeId and return name of an employee using its output parameter called, name.



mysql> DELIMITER //
mysql> create procedure usp_GetEmployeeName(IN id INT, OUT name VARCHAR(20))
    -> begin
    -> select emp_name into name from employee where emp_id = id;
    -> end//
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.52 sec)

mysql> DELIMITER ;

For a quick test, you can also call this stored procedure in MySQL, assuming you have an employee table as discussed in this article and some data on it. To learn more about stored proc in MySQL, see How to create and call MySQL stored procedure form the command line.


mysql> call usp_GetEmployeeName(103, @name);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)

mysql> select @name;
+-------+
| @name |
+-------+
| Jack  |
+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)


Spring Stored Procedure example and Configurations

Spring Framework tutorial and example to call stored procedures from JavaHere is a complete code example of how to call a stored procedure from the Spring framework. In this example, we have extended abstract class StoredProcedure in our class called, EmployeeSP. This is declared as a nested class inside EmployeeDAO because it's only used by this class, if your stored procedure is used in my multiple DAO classes than you can also make it a top-level class. 

If you look at the constructor of EmployeeSP, it calls super class constructor and passes data source and name of database stored procedure. We have also declared two stored procedure parameters, one is IN parameter id, and the other is the OUT parameter. 

Input to the stored the procedure is passed using the IN parameter, and output from the stored procedure is read using the OUT parameter. 

Your stored procedure can have multiple IN and OUT parameters. StoredProcedure class also provides several execute() methods, which can be invoked to call a stored procedure and get a result. It returns the result as Map, where the key is OUT parameter, and value is the result of a stored procedure. 

Here is the code for DAO class and stored procedure along with the Spring Configuration file, since the Spring framework is based on the principle of Dependency Injection and Inversion of control, this file is required to create and manage objects.

Java Class which wraps Stored procedure

import java.sql.Types;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.SqlOutParameter;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.SqlParameter;
import org.springframework.jdbc.object.StoredProcedure;

public class EmployeeDao {

        private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
        private EmployeeSP  sproc;
       
        public void setDataSource(DataSource source){
                this.jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(source);
                this.sproc = new EmployeeSP(jdbcTemplate.getDataSource());
        }
       
    /*
     * wraps stored procedure call
     */
        public String getEmployeeName(int emp_id){
                return (String) sproc.execute(emp_id);
        }
       
        /*
         * Inner class to implement stored procedure in spring.
         */
        private class EmployeeSP extends StoredProcedure{
                private static final String SPROC_NAME = "usp_GetEmployeeName";
               
                public EmployeeSP( DataSource datasource ){
                        super( datasource, SPROC_NAME );
                        declareParameter( new SqlParameter( "id", Types.INTEGER) ); 
                        //declaring sql in parameter to pass input

                        declareParameter( new SqlOutParameter( "name", Types.VARCHAR ) ); 
                        //declaring sql out parameter
                        compile();
                }
               
                public Object execute(int emp_id){
                        Map<String,Object> results = super.execute(emp_id);
                        return results.get("name"); 
                        //reading output of stored procedure using out parameters
                                               
                }
        }
}

Main class to test stored procedure


import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

/*
 * Main class to start and test this Java application
 */
public class Main {

        public static void main(String args[]){
                ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext
                                                ("spring-config.xml");
                EmployeeDao dao = (EmployeeDao) ctx.getBean("employeeDao");
               
                //calling stored procedure using DAO method
                System.out.println("Employee name for id 103 is : "
 + dao.getEmployeeName(103));
        }
}

Output
2013-01-17 23:56:34,408 0    [main] DEBUG EmployeeDao$EmployeeSP  
- Compiled stored procedure. Call string is [{call usp_GetEmployeeName(?, ?)}]
2013-01-17 23:56:34,439 31   [main] DEBUG EmployeeDao$EmployeeSP  
- RdbmsOperation with SQL [usp_GetEmployeeName] compiled
Employee name for id 103 is : Jack

Spring configuration file:


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
        xmlns:jms="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

        xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms/spring-jms-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">

        <bean id="propertyPlaceholderConfigurer"
                class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config
                    .PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer"
>
                <property name="locations">
                        <list>
                                <value>classpath:jdbc.properties</value>
                        </list>
                </property>
        </bean>

    <bean id="springDataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource
 .SingleConnectionDataSource"
>
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${db.driver}" />
        <property name="url" value="${db.url}" />
        <property name="username" value="root" />
        <property name="password" value="root" />
    </bean>
      
        <bean id="employeeDao" class ="EmployeeDao">
                <property name="dataSource" ref="springDataSource"/>
        </bean>

</beans>
 

That's all on How to call a stored procedure from Java application using Spring Framework. As discussed in 10 JDBC best practices for Java Programmer, JDBC API provides a more straightforward approach using CallableStatement, but Spring's StoredProcedure class is also easy to use. You can also explore calling a stored procedure, directly using JdbcTemplate in Spring.




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6 comments:

  1. Thanks for this tutorial. It's brilliant.

    Unfortunately if I try this I get the following error

    java.sql.SQLException: boo!

    springframework.dao.TransientDataAccessResourceException: CallableStatementCallback; SQL [{call sp_MyStoredProc(?, ?, ?)}]; boo!

    I am using org.springframework.jdbc-3.1.3 and
    mysql-connector-java-5.1.25

    ReplyDelete
  2. @Liberty Bell, do you have this stored procedure and table created in database? TransientDataAccessResourceException comes when resource is temporarily unavailable, could be table or stored proc. I would suggest retrying after running stored procedure in database itself, just to make sure it's working.

    ReplyDelete
  3. com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '`name`)' at line 1

    I am using MySQL-5.6.14 version.

    ReplyDelete
  4. Thanks for your tutorial, It's working perfectly in my project.
    But I have a little problem, the stored procedured that it's calling since my dao class modifiy several tables and it's probably that finishes with error. In this case the java program must to do a rollback to get back the data in initial values.
    How can I do that?
    I tried to add the annotation @Transactional(rollbackFor=Exception.class) in the execute method, but it doesn't work.
    Thanks for advance.
    Regrads.
    Jose Pascual Gimeno

    ReplyDelete
  5. can you please upload the project as well, it will be helpful for beginners

    ReplyDelete
  6. Hi All,

    Please share a example or let me know how to pass sysrefcursor as an input parameter to oracle procedure from java using SimpleJdbcCall and SqlParameter

    Thanks in advance

    ReplyDelete