There has been a lot of articles and books written on how to use wait and notify in Java, how they work, when do you need synchronization, and how to write concurrent code in Java, but, unfortunately, I still see many Java programmer struggles to solve even the classic producer-consumer problem. I know, writing correct concurrent code is challenging and it takes a lot of practice, think through ability, and experience to get it right, but at the same time, every Java programmer should be familiar with the basics of inter-thread communication, synchronization, locking, and understand how all the things work together.
Top 5 Courses to learn Quarkus, MicroNaut, DropWizard, and Vert for Java Microservices in 2021 - Best
Hello guys, if you create Microservices in Java and want to explore frameworks like DropWizard, MicroNaut, and Quarkus, you have come to the right place. In the past, I have shared the best Microsercies courses with Spring Boot and Spring Cloud, and today, I will share the best online courses to learn Dropwizard and Micronauts. These are the best online courses and tutorials you can get to learn this useful technology. Unfortunately, not many online courses are available, but API docs and guides are also handy; along with these courses, you can read them.
How to delete a directory with files in Java - Example
Deleting an empty directory is easy in Java, just use the delete() method of java.io.File class, but deleting a directory with files is unfortunately not easy. You just can't delete a folder if it contains files or sub folders. Calling delete() method on a File instance representing a non-empty directory will just return false without removing the directory. In order to delete this folder, you need to delete all files and subdirectories inside this folder. This may seem cumbersome, but unfortunately, there is no method that can delete a directory with files in Java, not even on Java 7 Files and Paths class.
Top 15 SQL Server Management Studio Keyboard Shortcuts and Tips for Beginners
SQL Server Management Studio, also known as SSMS is an essential tool for Microsoft SQL Server developers as well as any full-stack Java developer whose application is using SQL Server database in the backend. It allows you to connect to the MSSQL database, execute SQL queries, check execution plan, see table and schema detail, writing and debugging stored procedures, and many more features. Imagining life without SSMS for SQL Server DBA and developer is impossible.
How to Remove First and Last Character of String in Java - Example Tutorial
You can use the substring() method of java.lang.String class to remove the first or last character of String in Java. The substring() method is overloaded and provides a couple of versions that allows you to remove a character from any position in Java. Alternatively, you can convert String to StringBuffer or StringBuilder and then use its remove() method to remove the first or last character. Both StringBuffer and StringBuilder provides a convenient deleteCharAt(int index) method which removes a character from the corresponding index. You can use this method to remove both first and last characters from String in Java.
How to use Counting Semaphore in Concurrent Java Application? Example Tutorial
Counting Semaphore in Java is a synchronizer that allows imposing a bound on the resource is added in Java 5 along with other popular concurrent utilities like CountDownLatch, CyclicBarrier, and Exchanger, etc. Counting Semaphore in Java maintains a specified number of pass or permits, In order to access a shared resource, Current Thread must acquire a permit. If a permit is already exhausted by other threads than it can wait until a permit is available due to the release of permits from different threads. This concurrency utility can be very useful to implement a producer-consumer design pattern or implement bounded pool or resources like Thread Pool, DB Connection pool, etc.
Difference between Singleton Pattern vs Static Class in Java? Example
Singleton pattern vs Static Class (a
class, having all static methods) is another interesting questions, which I
missed while blogging about Interview questions on Singleton pattern
in Java. Since both Singleton pattern and static class provides
good accessibility, and they share some similarities e.g. both can be used
without creating object and both provide only one instance, at very high level
it looks that they both are intended for same task. Because of high level
similarities, interviewer normally ask questions like, Why you use Singleton instead of Static Methods, or Can you replace
Singleton with static class, and what
are differences between Singleton pattern and static in Java. I
What is GET and POST method in HTTP and HTTPS Protocol? Answer
GET and POST method in HTTP and HTTPS are two most popular methods used to transfer data from client to server using HTTP(HyperText Transfer Protocol) protocol. Both GET and POST can be used to send requests and receive response but there are significant differences between them. The difference between GET and POST in HTTP or HTTPS is also a popular interview question in JSP and any web programming interview. Since HTML is independent of any web server technology like Java, ASP or PHP and HTTP is core protocol in space of the internet, the importance of a clear understanding of GET and POST method can not be ignored.
Difference between Struts 1 and Struts 2 Web Development Framework
I had worked previously on Struts 1 but never touched Struts 2, especially
since Spring MVC was there to take the leading role. Recently one of my friends
ask me to help with Struts2, which leads me to look on the Struts2 framework from
start. First thing I wanted to find out differences between Struts 1 and Struts
2 framework, because in my experience, if you have worked in the previous version
looking differences between two versions of Struts can quickly help to find,
what changes and What are the new features, concepts and improvement is offered
by Struts 2. Also the difference between
Struts 1 and Struts 2 is a good candidate to include in my list of Struts interview questions
for quick revision.
Prefer TimeUnit Sleep over Thread.Sleep - Java Coding Tips Example
What is TimeUnit in Java
TimeUnit in Java is a class on java.util.concurrent package, introduced in Java 5 along with CountDownLatch, CyclicBarrier, Semaphore, and several other concurrent utilities. TimeUnit provides a human-readable version of the Thread.sleep() method which can be used in place of the former. For a long time Thread's sleep() method is a standard way to pause a Thread in Java and almost every Java programmer is familiar with that. In fact, the sleep method itself is very popular and has appeared on many Java interviews. The difference between wait and sleep is one of the tough Java questions to answer.
TimeUnit in Java is a class on java.util.concurrent package, introduced in Java 5 along with CountDownLatch, CyclicBarrier, Semaphore, and several other concurrent utilities. TimeUnit provides a human-readable version of the Thread.sleep() method which can be used in place of the former. For a long time Thread's sleep() method is a standard way to pause a Thread in Java and almost every Java programmer is familiar with that. In fact, the sleep method itself is very popular and has appeared on many Java interviews. The difference between wait and sleep is one of the tough Java questions to answer.
Why wait notify and notifyAll called from synchronized block or method in Java
Most of the Java developers know that wait(), notify(), and notifyAll() methods of object class must have to be called inside synchronized method or synchronized block in Java but how many times we thought why? Recently this question was asked to in Java interview to one of my friend, he pondered for a moment and replied that if we don't call wait() or notify() method from synchronized context we will receive IllegalMonitorStateException in Java. He was right in terms of the behavior of language but as per him, the interviewer was not completely satisfied with the answer and wanted to explain to him more about it.
Difference between start and run method in Thread? Example
Why to do one call start method of the thread if start() calls run() in turn" or "What is the difference by calling start() over run() method in java thread" are two widely popular beginner level multi-threading interview question. When a Java programmer start learning Thread, the first thing he learns is to implement thread either overriding run() method of Thread class or implementing Runnable interface and then calling start() method on the thread, but with some experience, he finds that start() method calls run() method internally either by looking API documentation or just poking around, but many of us just don’t care at that time until it been asked in Java Interview.
Top 5 Courses to learn Bootstrap CSS Framework for Beginners in 2021 - Best of Lot
Hello guys, If you are doing web design and want to learn Bootstrap to become a better web designer, you have come to the right place. In the past, I have shared the best courses to learn HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and Web Development, and today, I'll share the best online courses to learn BootStrap in 2021. Bootstrap is one of the most popular CSS Frameworks in the world. Is it meant for developing responsive and mobile-first websites? This is the reason why in the last couple of years, it has grown a lot in popularity, and it’s one of the essential tools for both web designers and front-end developers. In fact, full-stack Developers can also learn Bootstrap to get a feeling for design and become truly full-stack developers.
What is CountDownLatch in Java - Concurrency Example Tutorial
What is CountDownLatch in Java
CountDownLatch in Java is a kind of synchronizer which allows one Thread to wait for one or more Threads before starts processing. This is a very crucial requirement and often needed in server-side core Java applications and having this functionality built-in as CountDownLatch greatly simplifies the development. CountDownLatch in Java is introduced on Java 5 along with other concurrent utilities like CyclicBarrier, Semaphore, ConcurrentHashMap, and BlockingQueue in java.util.concurrent package.
Difference between transient and volatile keyword in Java? example
Surprisingly "Difference between transient and volatile keyword in Java" has asked many times on various java interviews. volatile and transient are two completely different keywords from different areas of Java programming language. the transient keyword is used during serialization of Java object while volatile is related to the visibility of variables modified by multiple threads during concurrent programming. The only similarity between volatile and transient is that they are less used or uncommon keywords and not as popular as public, static, or final.
Difference between Wait and Sleep, Yield in Java? Example
The difference between wait and sleep or the difference between sleep and yield in Java is one of the popular core Java interview questions and asked on multi-threading interviews. Out of three methods that can be used to pause a thread in Java, sleep() and yield() methods are defined in thread class while wait() is defined in the Object class, which is another interview question. The key difference between wait() and sleep() is that the former is used for inter-thread communication while later is used to introduced to pause the current thread for a short duration.
What is Abstraction in Java? Abstract Class and Interface Example
What is abstraction?
Abstraction in Java or Object-oriented programming is a way to segregate implementation from an interface and one of the five fundamentals along with Encapsulation, Inheritance, Polymorphism, Class, and Object. Abstraction in Java is achieved by using the interface and abstract class in Java. An interface or abstract class is something that is not concrete, something which is incomplete. In order to use interface or abstract class, we need to extend and implement an abstract method with concrete behavior.
Why String is Immutable or Final in Java? Example
The string is Immutable in Java because String objects are cached in the String pool. Since cached String literals are shared between multiple clients there is always a risk, where one client's action would affect all another client. For example, if one client changes the value of the String "Test" to "TEST", all other clients will also see that value as explained in the first example. Since caching of String objects was important from performance reason this risk was avoided by making String class Immutable. At the same time, String was made final so that no one can compromise invariant of String class like Immutability, Caching, hashcode calculation, etc by extending and overriding behaviors. Another reason why String class is immutable could die due to HashMap.
How to find Largest Prime Factor of a Number in Java? Example
One of the common programming kata to learn coding is to write a program to find the largest prime factor of a number. Like any other programming problem, you need to build the logic to solve this problem. Before solving the problem, let's revise the concept of number theory. Prime factors of a positive integer are the prime numbers that divide the number exactly i.e. without any remainder, and prime factorization is the process of finding all prime numbers when multiplied together to make the original number.
Avoid Mixing static and non static synchronized method - Java mistake 2 Example
Using a static and non-static synchronized method for protecting shared resources is another Java mistake we are going to discuss in this part of our series “learning from mistakes in Java”. In the last article, we have seen why double and float should not be used for monetary calculation, In this tutorial, we will find out why using static and non-static synchronized methods together for protecting the same shared resource is not advisable. I have seen some times Java programmers mix static synchronized method and instance synchronized method to protect the same shared resource.
Top 10 Coursera Courses & Certifications to Learn Computer Science in 2021 - Best of Lot
Hello folks, if you are looking for the best Coursera courses for Software Development and Computer Science, then you have come to the right place. Earlier, I have shared the best Data Science courses and the best Python Courses from Coursera. In this article, I will share the best courses to learn Software Development, Programming, and Computer Science for Beginners and experienced alike.
Software development and programming are estimated to grow about 13% by 2026, which means that there is no better time to enter this field and learn new skills in software development and programming, whether web development, mobile apps, or the internet of things, so you need to do the impossible to stay above your competitor.
Why use Spaces over Tabs for Indentation in Code Editors - Eclipse
When I started coding in Eclipse, I was not aware that by default Eclipse uses tabs for indentation and tabs can have varied with e.g. 1 tab can be equal to 2 spaces or 4 spaces or even 8 spaces. Sometimes, It's all up to you how you configure tabs in your code editor, and other times just at the mercy of the tool you don't know how to configure like VIM in UNIX. I only realize the problem when I found too many differences in a file while check-in in into SVN. Apparently, other people were using different indentations (spaces) and that's why the file was showing so many differences when I reformatted them in Eclipse.
How to Iterate through ConcurrentHashMap and print all keys and values in Java? Example
Suppose you have a ConcurrentHashMap of String and Integer and you want to print all keys and values, how do you do that? This is a common, day-to-day programming task for Java programmers and there are many ways to do it. The Map interface provides several view methods e.g. keySet(), values(), and entrySet() to retrieve all keys, values, and all key and value pairs as entries. You can use respective methods to print all keys, all values, or all key values pairs. For printing, you also have multiple choices like you can either use enhanced for loop or Iterator, though later also provide you the facility to remove key-value pairs while printing if needed.
10 Examples to read a text file in Java [UPDATED]
The Java IO API provides two kinds of interfaces for reading files, streams and readers. The streams are used to read binary data and readers to read character data. Since a text file is full of characters, you should be using a Reader implementations to read it. There are several ways to read a plain text file in Java e.g. you can use FileReader, BufferedReader or Scanner to read a text file. Every utility provides something special e.g. BufferedReader provides buffering of data for fast reading, and Scanner provides parsing ability.
Why Timestamp cannot be used in place of Date in Java? Example
One of the tricky questions from the Java Interview is, "Can we pass a Timestamp instance to a method expecting java.util.Date?", it's a tricky question because the answer is both Yes and No. You can, of course, pass a Timestamp object to a method with the argument as Date because first, Timestamp is a subclass of java.util.Date and second it contains both date and time values which are missing in either java.sql.Date and java.sql.Time. So there is more reason to pass a Timestamp value to Date but you should not be doing that. Why? because Timestamp is not exactly Date.
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