Are you looking forward to emerging the best candidate in the Maven interview that is around the corner? Worry no more because you are shortly going to know the type of questions you will face and this will give you an upper hand compared to other candidates who might have no clue. The following are the top 20 Maven interview questions with answers.
20 Maven Interview Questions with answers
1. What is Maven?
Answer: Maven is a project management tool. It provides the developer a complete build lifecycle framework.
2. What are the three build lifecycle of Maven?
Answer:
- Clean: Cleans up artifacts that are created by prior builds
- Default (build): Used to create the application
- Site: For the project generates site documentation
3. What are Maven Plugins used for?
Answer: Maven plugins are used to
- Create a jar file
- Create war file
- Compile code files
- Unit testing of code
- Documenting projects
- Reporting
4. What is a Maven Repository?
Answer:
Maven repositories refer to the directories of packaged JAR files that
contain metadata. The metadata refers to the POM files relevant to each
project. This metadata is what allows Maven to download dependencies.
There are three types of repositories:
- Local Repository
- Remote Repository
- Central Repository
5. What are the phases of a Site Life Cycle?
Answer: The phases of a site life cycle include:
- Pre-site
- Site
- Post-site
- Site-deploy
6. What is Maven’s order of inheritance?
Answer: The order of inheritance in Maven is:
- Settings
- CLI parameters
- Parent POM
- Project POM
7. What is a Build Profile?
Answer:
Build profiles refer to the set of configuration values required to
build a project using different configurations. Different build profiles
are added to the POM files while enabling different builds. A build
profile helps in customizing build for different environments.
8. What are the different types of Build Profiles?
Answer: There are three different types of build profiles:
- Per Project - defined in pom.xml
- Per - User - defined in Maven settings.xml
- Global - defined in Maven global settings.xml
9. What is POM in Maven?
Answer:
POM in Maven stands for Project Object Model. POM is an XML file in
Maven and the fundamental unit that contains crucial information
regarding the project and other related configuration details needed to
run the project.
10. What are the minimum required elements for POM?
Answer: The minimum required elements for POM are:
- project root
- modelVersion – should be 4.0.0
- groupId – project’s group id
- artifactId – artifact (project) id
- version – version of the artifact
11. What are the different aspects that the Maven tool manages?
Answer: Maven manages the following aspects of project management:
- Building
- Reporting
- Documentation
- Distribution
- Dependencies
- SCMs
- Releases
- Mailing lists
12. Explain the different types of Maven repositories
Answer: There are three main types of Maven repositories. They are as follows:
- The local repository: A local repository is a folder that is present in your current system/machine. Local repositories are created when you run Maven commands for the first time. The dependencies of your current project can be found in the local Maven repository.
- The central repository: This repository contains a bunch of libraries and dependencies provided by the Maven community. If Maven doesn’t locate a certain dependency in the local repository, it begins searching in the central repository.
- The Remote Repository: If Maven is unable to locate a dependency in the central repository, it halts the build process and returns an error message. To avoid this, the provision for a remote repository has been made. A remote repository is a collection of custom libraries and other dependencies specific to the project.
13. What are the different dependency scopes in Maven?
Answer:
Dependency scopes include project dependencies that are in line with
the current, active stage of the build process. The different Dependency
scopes in Maven are:
- Compile: This scope specifies that the current dependency is available in the classpath of the current project.
- Provided: This scope specifies that the web server will provide the dependency during runtime.
- Runtime: This particular scope indicates that the dependency isn’t needed during compile time and is only needed during execution.
- Test: This scope indicates that the dependency is available limitedly during the test compilation phase.
- System: This scope specifies that the system path for the given build phase needs to be provided.
- Import: This scope indicates that the given POM should be replaced with congruent dependencies in the POM’s <DependencyManagement> section.
14. What are the steps to install Maven on Ubuntu?
Answer:
- The primary step is to install Java.
- Then, download Maven.
- Configure environment variables JAVA_HOME, M3_HOME, MAVEN_HOME, and PATH.
- Lastly, verify the Maven installation by checking its version.
15. What are the phases of a Clean Life Cycle?
Answer: The phases of a clean life cycle include:
- Pre-clean
- Clean
- Post-clean
16. What is a ‘Snapshot’ in Maven?
Answer:
Snapshot refers to the version available in the Maven remote
repository. It signals the latest development copy. Maven inspects for a
new version of Snapshot in the remote repository, for every new build.
17. What is the reason for using an Optional Dependency?
Answer:
- Optional dependencies are used to decrease the transitive burden of some libraries.
- These dependencies are used when it is not feasible to divide a project into sub-modules.
- Some dependencies are only used for a specific feature in the project, and if that feature is not there, then that dependency will not be used.
18. What are the steps to install Maven on Windows?
Answer: To install Maven on Windows, observe the following steps:
- Download Maven first, and then extract it.
- In the environment variable, add JAVA_HOME, and MAVEN_HOME.
- Then, add the environment path in the Maven variable.
- Lastly, verify the Maven installation by checking its version. The command mvn -version will display the version installed in the system
19. How does Maven Architecture work?
Answer: Maven architecture works in three steps, which are as follows:
- The first step is to read the pom.xml file.
- Then, it downloads the dependencies defined in pom.xml into the local repository from the central repository.
- Lastly, it creates and generates a report according to the requirements, and executes life cycles, phases, goals, plugins, etc.
20. How can a Maven Build Profile be activated?
Answer: A Maven build profile may be activated in the following ways:
- Explicitly using command console input.
- Through Maven settings.
- Based on environment variables.
- OS Settings.
- Present/missing files.
That''s all about the Maven Interview Questions with Answer for 1 to 3 years experienced Java developers. Hope
you have mastered the questions with answers and now you are ready for
the interview any time. Everything will go your way because you are
already more than ready. Keep on preparing and everything will be set. I
will you nothing but success in your forthcoming interview.
Other Maven articles you may like to explore
- Difference between Maven, ANT and Jenkins? (answer)
- Difference between mvn install, mvn release, and mvn deploy? (answer)
- Maven or Gradle? which one to learn (maven vs gradle)
- Top 10 Maven Plugins Every Java developer should know (see here)
- 3 Maven Eclipse tips to learn (maven tips)
- How to install Maven on Windows 10? (tutorial)
- How to increase heap size of Maven? (steps)
- Why Java developer should learn Maven or Gradle (tutorial)
- 9 Maven Concepts Every Java programmer should learn (maven concepts)
- Free Maven books for Java developers (see here)
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